{"id":1202,"date":"2024-07-11T09:33:37","date_gmt":"2024-07-11T09:33:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.upo.es\/investiga\/processionsandempire\/?p=1202"},"modified":"2024-08-19T07:14:47","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T07:14:47","slug":"antiochus-iv-epiphanes-pompe-in-daphne-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.upo.es\/investiga\/processionsandempire\/antiochus-iv-epiphanes-pompe-in-daphne-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Antiochus IV Epiphanes\u2019 pompe in Daphne"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table class=\"has-black-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>TITLE<\/strong><br>Antiochus IV Epiphanes\u2019 <em>pompe<\/em> in Daphne<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>DATE<\/strong><br>Summer, 166 BCE\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>TEXT<\/strong><br>Gulick 1928, 381-387 (Athen. 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1-19).\u00a0<br><br>[1] \u2018O \u03b4\u1fbd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f57\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u0391\u1f30\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1fec\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u1fb3 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5 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\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u00a0<br>\u00a0<br>[9] \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f31\u03c0\u03c0\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u1fbd \u1f26\u03bd \u1f21 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f35\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f35\u03c0\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f45\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2: \u1f26\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1f76 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\u1f10\u03bb\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f05\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2. \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f15\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b5\u1f35\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf \u1f10\u03bb\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f15\u03be.\u00a0<br><br>[12] \u03a4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u1fbd \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u1f74\u03bd \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u1f76 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ad\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd, \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u1ff3 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd. \u1f14\u03c6\u03b7\u03b2\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 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\u1f10\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9\u00b7 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1fbd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f22 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f22 \u03b4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f21\u03c1\u03ce\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f34\u03b4\u03c9\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ae\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf, \u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u1fbd \u1f20\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>[14] \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2. \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u1fe6\u03b8\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f31\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>[15] \u1f10\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf. \u03b5\u1f35\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u1fbd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u039d\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b4\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f29\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2, \u0393\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>[16] \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u039f\u1f50\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f28\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u1fc6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f55\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03bd \u1f45\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u1f26\u03bd\u00b7 \u1f11\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c6\u03af\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c7\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u1fd6\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f14\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u1f67\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>[17] \u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u1fbd \u1f41\u03bb\u03ba\u1f74\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd. \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1f76 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c0\u03b1\u1fd6\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bb\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd \u1f11\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f14\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u1f14\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd\u00a0<br><br>[18] \u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u1fbd \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f40\u03b3\u03b4\u03bf\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, &lt;\u1f10\u03bd> \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8-\u00a0<br><br>[19] \u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9. \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f26\u03bd.\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>TRANSLATION<\/strong><br>Gulick 1928, 381-387 (Athen. Deipn. 194C-195F).\u00a0<br><br>This same king, hearing about the games instituted in Macedonia by Aemilius Paulus, the Roman general, and wishing to outdo Paulus in magnificence, dispatched envoys and delegates to the cities to proclaim the games which were to be given by him near Daphne; hence great interest arose on the part of the Greeks in meeting him. As a beginning to the meeting he got up a parade which was carried out in the following manner. It was led by certain men in the prime of their youth, five thousand in number, who wore Roman armour of chain-mail; after them came five thousand Mysians; close to these were three thousand Cilicians equipped in the fashion of light-armed troops, and wearing gold crowns. After these came three thousand Thracians and five thousand Celts. These were followed by twenty thousand Macedonians, ten thousand of them with gold shields, five thousand with bronze shields, and the rest with silver shields; close upon these came two hundred and forty pairs of gladiators. Behind them were one thousand Nisaean horsemen and three thousand citizen soldiers, of whom the majority wore gold cheek-coverings and gold crowns, the rest had cheek-coverings of silver. After them came the so-called \u201cmounted companions\u201d: there were about a thousand of these, all with gold cheek-pieces. Next to these was the division made up of his friends, equal in number and in beauty of equipment. After them were a thousand picked men, followed by the so-called <em>Agema<\/em> (\u201cGuard\u201d), which has the reputation of being the best organization of horsemen, numbering about a thousand. Last of all was the armoured cavalry, both horses and men being completely covered with armour in accordance with their name. They numbered alone one thousand five hundred. And all these mentioned wore purple cloaks, many also cloaks woven with gold and embroidered with figures. After them were a hundred chariots drawn by six horses, and forty drawn by four horses; next a chariot drawn by four elephants, and another by a pair of elephants; and in single file followed thirty-six caparisoned elephants.\u00a0<br>\u00a0<br>It would be difficult to pursue the description of the rest of the procession, and it must be described summarily. Young men who had just come of age, to the number of eight hundred, and wearing gold crowns, marched in the line; fatted oxen, about one thousand; sacrificial tables, little short of three hundred; elephants\u2019 tusks, eight hundred. It is not possible to enumerate the quantity of sacred images; for statues of all beings who are said or held to be gods, demigods, or even heroes among mankind were borne along, some gilded, others draped in garments of gold thread. And beside all of them lay the sacred myths pertaining to each, according to the traditional accounts, in sumptuous editions. They were followed by representations of Night and Day, Earth and Heaven, and Dawn and Noon. One might guess how great was the number of gold and silver vessels in the following way: of only one of the king\u2019s friends, the secretary Dionysius, one thousand slaves marched in the procession carrying silver vessels, none of which weighed less than a thousand drachms. Then came six hundred royal slaves with gold vessels. After them nearly two hundred women sprinkled scented oil from gold pitchers. Close upon these in the procession were eighty women seated in litters having gold supports, and five hundred in litters with silver supports, all richly dressed. These were the most conspicuous features of the parade. The games, gladiatorial contests, and hunts took thirty days to conclude; during the first five days in which spectacles were carried out, all persons in the gymnasium anointed themselves with saffron oil from golden basins; these numbered fifteen, and there was an equal number of bowls with oil of cinnamon and nard. Similarly there were brought in, on the succeeding days, oil of fenugreek, marjoram, and orris, all of them rare in their fragrance. For a banquet on one occasion there were spread a thousand triclinia, on another fifteen hundred, with the most extravagant deckings. The management of these matters was undertaken by the king himself. Riding on a poor horse, he ran up and down the procession, commanding one division to advance, another to halt. At the symposia he stood at the entrance introducing some, assigning couches to others, and he himself brought in the servants who carried in the dishes served. And going round he would seat himself in one place, or throw himself down in another.\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>At one moment he would throw aside a morsel or a cup just as he had put them to his lips, and jumping up suddenly, he would change his place or walk round among the drinkers, receiving toasts standing sometimes by one, sometimes by another, at the same time laughing at the entertainments. When the party had been going on a long time and many had already withdrawn, the king was brought in by the mime-performers entirely wrapped up, and deposited on the ground as though he were one of the performers. When the symphony sounded the challenge, he would leap up and dance naked and act with the clowns, so that every one departed in shame. All these celebrations were paid for partly from funds which he had appropriated in Egypt when he broke his treaty with King Ptomely Philometor, who was then a lad, and partly from contributions by his friends. He had also plundered most of the temples.\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>\u00a0<br>Paton 1968, 144-147 (Plb. 30.25. 1-19).\u00a0<br><br>This same king when he heard of the games celebrated in Macedonia by Aemilius Paullus the Roman general, ambitious of surpassing Paullus in magnificence sent out embassies and sacred missions to the towns to announce the games he was about to give at Daphne, so that people in Greece were very eager to visit Antioch then. The festival opened with a procession composed as follows: It was headed by five thousand men in the prime of life armed after the Roman fashion and wearing breastplates of chain-armour. Next came five thousand Mysians, and immediately behind them three thousand Cilicians armed in the manner of light infantry, wearing gold crowns. Next came three thousand Thracians and five thousand Gauls. They were followed by twenty thousand Macedonians of whom ten thousand bore golden shields, five thousand brazen shields and the rest silver shields. Next marched two hundred and fifty pairs of gladiators, and behind them a thousand horsemen from Nisa and three thousand from Antioch itself, most of whom had crowns and trappings of gold and the rest trappings of silver. Next to these came the so-called \u201ccompanion cavalry,\u201d numbering about a thousand, all with gold trappings, and next the regiment of \u201croyal friends\u201d of equal number and similarly accoutred; next a thousand picked horse followed by the so-called \u201c<em>agema<\/em>,\u201d supposed to be the crack cavalry corps, numbering about a thousand. Last of all marched the \u201ccataphract\u201d or mailed horse, the horses and men being armed in complete mail, as the name indicated. Of these too there were about fifteen hundred. All the above wore purple surcoats in many cases embroidered with gold and heraldic designs. Next came a hundred chariots drawn by six horses and forty drawn by four horses, and then a chariot drawn by four elephants and another drawn by a pair, and finally thirty-six elephants in single file with their housings.\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>It is a difficult task to describe the rest of the procession but I must attempt to give its main features. About eight hundred young men wearing gold crowns made part of it as well as about a thousand fat cattle and nearly three hundred cows presented by the various sacred missions and eight hundred ivory tusks. The vast quantity of images it is impossible to enumerate. For representations of all the gods and spirits mentioned or worshipped by men and of all the heroes were carried along, some gilded and others draped in garments embroidered with gold, and they were all accompanied by representations executed in precious materials of the myths relating to them as traditionally narrated. Behind them came images of Night and Day, of Earth and Heaven, and of Dawn and Midday. The quantity of gold and silver plate may be estimated from what follows. The slaves of one of the royal \u201cfriends,\u201d Dionysius, the private secretary, marched along carrying articles of silver plate none of them weighing less than a thousand drachmae, and six hundred of the king&#8217;s own slaves went by bearing articles of gold plate. Next there were about two hundred women sprinkling the crowd with perfumes from golden urns, and these were followed by eighty women seated in litters with golden feet and five hundred in litters with silver feet, all richly dressed. Such were the more remarkable features of the procession.\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/strong><br>Balasch Recort, M. (1983). <em>Polibio. Historias. Libros XVI-XXXIX<\/em>. Madrid: Biblioteca Cl\u00e1sica Gredos.\u00a0<br>\u00a0<br>B\u00fcttner-Wobst (1882-1904). <em>Polybius. Histories. 5 vol.<\/em> Lipsiae: Teubner.\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>Calandra, E. (2022). <em>Tutto il regno come su una scena. L\u2019immaginario della panegyris di Antioco IV a Dafne<\/em>. Sesto Fiorentino (FI), All&#8217;insegna del giglio s.a.s.\u00a0<br><br>Foertmeyer, V. (1988). \u201cThe dating of the <em>pompe<\/em> of Ptolemy II Philadelphus\u201d. <em>Historia: Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Alte Geschichte<\/em> 37(1): 90-104.\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>Gulick, C. B. (1928). <em>Athenaeus. The Deipnosophists<\/em>. London: Willian Heinemann Ltd.\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>Iossif, P. P. (2011). \u201c<em>Imago mundi<\/em>: expression et repr\u00e9sentation de l\u2019id\u00e9ologie royale s\u00e9leucide. La procession de Daphn\u00e9\u201d. <em>Electrum<\/em> 18: 125-157.\u00a0<br><br>Paton, W. R., trans., (1968). <em>Polybius. The Histories. Vol. 6<\/em>. London: William Heinemann Ltd.\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>Rodr\u00edguez Noriega Guill\u00e9n, L., trans., (1998). <em>Ateneo. Banquete de los eruditos. Vol. 3. Libros III-V<\/em>. Madrid: Biblioteca Cl\u00e1sica Gredos.\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>Strootman, R. (2014). \u201cRoyal processions: enacting the myth of Empire\u201d. In: <em>Courts and Elites in the Hellenistic Empires: The Near East After the Achaemenids, c. 330 to 30 BCE<\/em>. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 247-264.\u00a0<br>\u00a0<br>Walbank, F. W. (1996). \u201cTwo Hellenistic processions: a matter of self-definition<em>\u201d. Scripta Classica Israelica<\/em> 15: 119-130.\u00a0\u00a0<br><br>Yonge, C. D., trans., (1854). <em>Athenaeus of Naucratis. Deipnosophistae, 3 vol<\/em>. London: Henry G. Bohn.\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-light-gray-background-color has-light-gray-color\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TITLEAntiochus IV Epiphanes\u2019 pompe in Daphne DATESummer, 166 BCE\u00a0 TEXTGulick 1928, 381-387 (Athen. 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