| TITLE Mytilene honours the emperor Augustus |
| DATE Between 27 BCE –the princeps is called Augustus– and 11 BCE –the year of the death of his sister, Octavia the Younger, who is mentioned in the text. See: Rowe 2002, 134; Abascal 2014, 83; but also: Macmullen 2000, 15; Kajava 2008, 119; Chelotti 2011; Jones 2015, 105. |
| TEXT IG XII, 2, 58; IGRR IV, 39; OGIS 456; SEG 65, 669; and Labarre 1996, no. 21. See also: SEG 35, 907. The Packard Humanities Institute. [a.1] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —ν δὲ κα- [2] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —δας ἱερὰ [3] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —εσθαι ἐν τε- [4] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — γραψόντων εἰς α- [5] [— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — τὸν ὑμν]ηθέντα ὕμνον ὑπὸ [6] [— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ἐ]ν ταῖς γινομέναις θέαις [7] [— — — — — — — — — τιθέναι δὲ κατὰ πενταετηρ]ίδα ἀγῶνας θυμελικοὺς [8] [— — — — — — — — — — — — — — τοῖς νικήσ]ασιν ἆθλα ὅσα ὁ Διακὸς νόμος πε- [9] [ριέχει — — — τοῦ ἐπὶ τῶν στεφ]άνων(?) καὶ τοῦ ἀρχιερέως καὶ τοῦ στεφανη- [10] [φόρου — — — — — — — πέμψαι δὲ — — —]ς καταγγελεῖς τῶν πρώτων ἀ<χθ>ησο- [11] [μένων ἀγώνων — — — ταῖς ἐπισ]ημοτάταις πόλεσιν. ἀναθεῖναι δὲ δέλτου[ς] [12] [ἢ στήλας τοῦδε τοῦ ψηφίσματος ἐχούσας τὸ ἀντίγραφον ἐν τῶ ναῶ τῶ κατασ]κευαζομένω αὐτῶ ὑπὸ τῆς Ἀσίας ἐν Περγάμω κα[ὶ] [13] [— — — καὶ Μυτιλήνη — — —]ω καὶ Ἀκτίω καὶ Βρεντεσίω καὶ Ταρραχῶνι καὶ Μα[σ]- [14] [σαλία καὶ — — — — καὶ Ἀν]τιοχήα τῆ πρὸς τῆ Δάφνη. τὰς δὲ κατ’ ἐνιαυτὸν [15] [θυσίας — — — ἐν τῶ ναῶ τοῦ Διὸ]ς καὶ ἐν τῶ τοῦ Σεβαστοῦ. ὅρκον δὲ εἶναι τῶν δι- [16] [καζόντων καὶ τῶν — — — ὀμνυ]ομένων σὺν τοῖς πατρίοις θεοῖς καὶ τὸν Σεβασ- [17] [τόν. — — — ἐν τῶ ναῶ τοῦ Διὸς καὶ ἐν τῶ τῆς Ἀφροδί]της τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ θεοῦ. τὰς δὲ τῶν γανων {²sic}² [18] — — — — — — — — — — — — — τεμένους εἶναι καὶ τἆλλα δίκαια καὶ τίμι[α] [19] [— — — — — — — — — — — κ]ατὰ δύναμιν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ. ἱερῶν δὲ ἐπὶ <τ>ράπε- [20] [ζαν — — — — — — — — — κατ]ὰ μῆνα ἐν τῆ γενεθλίω αὐτοῦ ἡμέρα καὶ π[α]- [21] [ρατιθέναι — — — — — τῶν] αὐτῶν θυσιῶν ὡς καὶ τῶ Διῒ παρίσταται. τρέ- [22] [φεσθαι δὲ τὰ ἱερεῖα — — — βόας — — —]ς ἐφελιωμένους {²sic}² ὡς καλλίστους καὶ με[τὰ] [23] [— — — μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν κατ’ ἐνια]υτὸν στρατηγ<ῶ>ν, δύο δὲ ὑπὸ τῶν [ἐπ]ι[σ]- [24] [τατῶν(?) — — — — — —] δὲ ὑπὸ τῶν ἀγορανόμων, τρία δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀρχιερέως [25] [— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — τοῦ] δημοσίου δραχμὰς ἑκάστω τετρα- [26] [κοσίας — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — δ]είκνυσθαι δὲ τοὺς τραφέντας [27] [— — — — — — — — — — τά τεθυσόμενα ἐν τ]οῖς ἀγῶσιν τρέφεσθαι τὸν ἴσο[ν] [28] [χρόνον — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —] τὴν γενέθλιον ἡμέραν αὐτο[ῦ] [29] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — μηδενὶ διδομένου [30] [— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — τῶ σ]τεφανηφόρω καὶ τ[ῶ] [31] [— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — καθ’] ἕκαστον ἔτος ἐν [32] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —αι τίθεσθαι ἐπ[ὶ] [33] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —ενα— — — {²vac.?} ² [b.1] εὐεργεσιῶν νομισ․․․․․․ εὐχα- [2] ριστίαν. ἐπιλογίσασθαι δὲ τῆς [3] οἰκείας μεγαλοφροσύνης ὅτ[ι] [4] τοῖς οὐρανίου τετε[υ]χόσι δό- [5] ξης καὶ θεῶν ὑπεροχὴν καὶ [6] κράτος ἔχουσιν οὐδέποτε δύ- [7] ναται συνεξισωθῆναι τὰ καὶ [8] τῆ τύχη ταπινότερα καὶ τῆ φύ- [9] σει. εἰ δέ τι τούτων ἐπικυδέσ- [10] τερον τοῖς μετέπειτα χρό- [11] νοις εὑρεθήσεται, πρὸς μη[δὲ]- [12] [ν] τῶν θεοποιεῖν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ [πλέ]- [13] ον δυνησομένων ἐλλείψει[ν] [14] τὴν τῆς πόλεως προθυμίαν [15] καὶ εὐσέβειαν. παρακαλεῖν [16] δὲ αὐτὸν συγχωρῆσαι ἐν τῆ [οἰ]- [17] κία αὐτοῦ δέλτον ἀναθεῖνα[ι] [18] καὶ ἐν τῶ Καπετωλίω δέ[λτον] [19] ἢ στήλην τοῦδε τοῦ ψηφ[ίσμα]- [20] τος ἔχουσαν τὸ ἀντίγραφ[ον]. [21] εὐχαριστῆσαι δὲ περὶ αὐτο[ῦ] [22] τοὺς πρέσβεις τῆ τε συγ[κλή]- [23] τω καὶ ταῖς ἱερήαις τῆς Ἑσ[τί]- [24] ας καὶ Ἰουλία {²⁶Λιουία}²⁶ τῆ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ [25] καὶ Ὀκταΐα τῆ ἀδελφῆ καὶ τοῖς [26] τέκνοις καὶ συγγενέσι καὶ φί- [27] λοις. πεμφθῆναι δὲ καὶ στέφα- [28] νον ἀπὸ χρυσῶν δισχιλίων, ὃν [29] καὶ ἀναδοθῆναι ὑπὸ τῶν πρέσ- [30] βεων. εὐχαριστῆσαι δὲ ἐπ’ αὐ- [31] τοῦ καὶ τῆ συγκλήτω τοὺς πρέσ- [32] βεις προσενηνεγμένης αὐτῆς [33] τῆ πόλει συμπαθέστατα καὶ [34] τῆς πατρίου χρηστότητος [35] οἰκείως. |
| TRANSLATION: Rowe 2002, 133-134. fr. i 4 . . . having written in / . . . of the hymn by / . . . among the existing spectacles / . . . theatrical contests / 8 . . . as many prizes as the law pertaining to Zeus / . . . and of the high priest and of the stephane- / [phoros . . . ] heralds of the first [contests] that will be / [held . . . ] to the most famous cities, to put up plaques / 12 [ . . . in the temple?] being put up to him by Asia in Pergamum and / . . . and Actium and Brundisium and Tarraco and Ma[s/salia . . . ] and Antioch near Daphne. The annual / [sacrifices . . . ] and in the temple of Sebastos. That there is to be an oath of the /16 [judges . . .] with the ancestral gods, and Sebastos / . . . the image of the god. That those of the / . . . of the shrine or precinct and the other rights and privileges / . . . according to his own ability. That on the table of the offerings /20 . . . each month on his birthday and / . . . of the same sacrifices, as is offered also to Zeus. That are / [to be reared bulls? . . . ] mottled[?] as beautiful and large as possible / [ . . . by the annual] generals, two by the epi / 24 [statai by the . . . ] agoranomoi, three by the high priest / . . . four [hundred] drachmai to each from the public treasury / . . . That the reared are to be displayed / [ . . . in] the contests to be reared the same / 28 [time . . .] his birthday / . . . giving to no one / . . . the stephanephoros and / . . . each year / 32 . . . to be placed on fr. ii 34 for benefactions . . . return. That it is a characteristic of his customary greatness of mind to take into account that things that are by fortune and by nature humbler can never be made equal to those that attain a heavenly reputation and possess the authority and power of gods. But if anything more glorious than these is discovered in later times, the zeal and the piety of the city shall fail in none of the things that can deify him all the more. 48 That the envoys call on him to allow a plaque to be put up in his home and, in the Capitolium, a plaque or a stele bearing a copy of this decree. That the envoys offer thanks concerning him to the Senate and the vestal virgins and his wife, Julia [sic], and his sister, Octavia, and his children and relatives and friends. 60 That a crown be sent of two thousand gold pieces, which should be presented by the envoys. That the envoys properly in his presence offer thanks to the Senate for having conducted itself most sympathetically toward the city and for its traditional kindness. |
| BIBLIOGRAPHY Abascal, J. M. (2014). “El Decreto de Mytilene y Tarraco. Una nota”. Studia Historica. Historia Antigua 32: 77-89. 83. Bömmer (1952), RE: s.v. Pompa. Herrscher, Vol. XXI. 2, 1966, n. 280. Buraselis, K. (2017). “On the rhetoric of Imperial Majesty. Elements of the Ideological Interaction between Emperor and Imperial Society on the Basis of Civic Decrees, Imperial Pronouncements and Literary Testimonies in the Greek East”. In: A. Heller and O. M. van Nijf, eds., The Politics of Honour in the Greek Cities of the Roman Empire. Leiden-Boston: Brill, 386-396. Chelotti, M. (2011). “Brindisi e Augusto”. In: S. Cagnazzi, M. Chelotti, A. Favuzzi, F. Ferrandini Troisi, D. P. Orsi, M. Silvestrini and E. Todisco, eds., Scritti di Storia per Mario Pani. Bari: Edipuglia, 101–109. Jones, C. P. (2015). “The Earthquake of 26 BCE in Decrees of Mytilene and Chios”. Chiron 45: 101–122. Kajava, M. (2008). “Alcune note sulle Deltoi, capitoline e altre”. In: M. L. Caldelli, G. L. Gregori and S. Orlandi, eds., Epigrafia 2006. Atti della XIVe Rencontre sur l’Epigraphie in Onore di Silvio Panciera con Altri Contributi di Colleghi, Allievi e Collaboratori. Roma: Quasar, 115–120. 119. Labarre, G. (1996). Les Cités de Lesbos aux Époques Hellénistique et Impériale. Paris: Institut d’Archéologie et d’Histoire de l’Antiquité, no. 21. Macmullen, R. (2000). Romanization in the Time of Augustus. New Haven – London: Yale University Press, 15. Rowe, G. (2002). Princes and Political Cultures. The New Tiberian Senatorial Decree. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 133-135. |
Tag
generals
Honorary decree of the boule and demos of Priene for Krates
Honorary decree of the boule and demos of Priene for Krates
| TITLE: |
| Honorary decree of the boule and demos of Priene for Krates |
| DATE: |
| c. 89 BC |
| TEXT: |
| I.Pri. 111 = SEG 65 1077 [*IPriene 111; **Holleaux, BCH 31, 1907, 387 (ll. 116, 119, 132, 141, 142-3); **Wilhelm, WS 29, 1907, 21 (l. 308); **Wilhelm, NB 52-3 (ll. 176); **Robert, RA 24, 1926, 181 (l. 120); SEG 4, 493; **Hellenica 9, 75-6 (l. 188-189); **Migeotte, L’emprunt public no. 95 (ll. 200-201); BE 1987:221 (p. 308)] HILLER VON GAERTRINGEN (1906): Inschriften Von Priene, Georg Reimer, Berlin |
| EDITIONS/TRANSLATIONS: |
| I.Pri. 111 (English) |
| KEYWORDS: |
| Word used to mean procession: |
| πομπ[εύσ]ας (l. 179) ἐκφοράς (l. 307, “a carrying out of a corpse to burial” = a funeral procession) |
| Word used to mean the cult images: |
| χαλκῆν ε̣[…]ων (l. 302-304) |
| Gods or other entities named: |
| The most revered goddess (l. 180, σεμνοτάτης θε[ᾶς) = Athena) |
| Description of the cult images: |
| Procession’s route: |
| In the streets of Priene |
| Frequency with which the procession takes place: |
| The funeral procession, yearly? |
| Performers: |
| While he was alive, Krates led the procession as stephanophoros or “city president” of Priene. When he died, he was crowned [with a golden crown in his funeral procession (l. 307, στεφα[νῶσαι] αὐτὸν [ἐπὶ τῆς ἐκφορᾶς στεφάνωι χρυσέω), and in his funeral procession took part the paidonomos with the boys and the gymnasiarch of the youths accompanied by the ephebes and the youths and the generals with the other citizens (l. 311-312, συ]ν̣ακολουθῆσ̣αι δὲ τ[ῆ]ι ἐκφορᾶι [τόν τε] π̣αι[δονόμον μετὰ τῶν παίδων καὶ τὸν γυμνασίαρχον] τῶν νέ[ων ἔχ]οντα̣ τοὺς ἐφήβους καὶ τοὺς νέους κα[ὶ τοὺς στρατηγοὺς μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων πολιτῶν) |
| References to the public attending the procession: |
| Any citizen who wishes to crown Krates during his funeral procession was be able to do so (l. 309-310, ἐξεῖναι δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆι ἐκφορᾶι τῶν] λοιπ[ῶν τὸν β]ουλόμενον στεφανοῦν Κράτητα) |
| Rites related to the procession: |
| As the leader of the procession Krates offered the sacrifices to the goddess and he prayed earnestly for the city to have the best fortune and he sacrificed favourably on behalf of the safety of the citizens of the city and its territory (l. 180-182, καὶ παραστήσας τῆι θεᾶι τὰς θυσίας καὶ κ[ατευξάμε]νος μὲν [κάλλι]στα τῶι δήμωι καὶ καλλιερήσας ὑπέρ τε τῆς τῶν πο[λιτῶν σωτ]ηρίας καὶ ε̣[ὐξάμενος ὑπέρ τε τῶν πο]λ̣ι̣[τῶν καὶ τ]ῶ̣ν κατοικούντων τήν τε πόλιν καὶ τὴν χώραν) Meals in the prytaneion (city hall, seat of government of the city) and in the Panionion (an Ionian sanctuary dedicated to Poseidon Helikonios and the meeting place of the Ionian League, the sanctuary was under the control of the Ionian city of Priene) (l. 311-312, εἶναι δὲ] [αὐ]τῶ[ι σίτησι]ν μὲν [ἐν πρυτανεί]ωι̣ [καὶ ἐν Πανιωνίωι καὶ μετουσίαν τῶν συντελουμένων ἱερῶν). Sacred rites and sacrifices were performed in the council (l. 313-314, καὶ θυ]σιῶν ἐν [τῆι β]ουλῆι) |
| Allusions to conduct or forms of reverence: |
| Other remarkable elements: |
| Krates had an important role in resolving the disputes in which Priene was involved at the time, but much of the long inscription in his honour has been lost, and the frequent gaps can make it difficult to follow the sense. The official announcement of the death of Krates and of his funeral procession is made by the councillors in the city agora (l. 307-308, ποιήσασθαι δὲ] τὴν ἀναγόρευσιν τοὺ<ς> ἐσομ[έ]νο[υς] τό<τε> γραμμα[τεῖ]ς τῆς [βουλῆς καὶ τοῦ δήμου ἐν τῆι ἀγορᾶι) Krates’ funeral crown is supplied by the neopoies of the city, the “temple warden”, an official in various Greek cities such as Priene (l. 309, στέφανον χορηγῆσαι τὸν νεωποίην τῆς πόλεως [τὸ] ἀν[άλωμα) |
| BIBLIOGRAPHY: |
| BÖMMER (1952), RE: s.v. Pompa. Herrscher, Vol. XXI.2, p. 1972, n.337 CHANIOTIS, A., CORSTEN, T., PAPAZARKADAS, N. AND TYBOUT, R.A., “SEG 65-1077. Priene. Honorary inscriptions for Krates and for Herakleitos, after 90 B.C.”, in: Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum, Current editors: A. T. E. N. Chaniotis Corsten Stavrianopolou Papazarkadas. Consulted online on 29 October 2021 TSIGARIDA, I. (2015): “Salt in Asia Minor. An outline of Roman authority interest in the resource”. In: P. Erdkamp, K. Verboven, and A. Zuiderhoek (eds.), Ownership and Exploitation of Land and Natural Resources in the Roman World, Oxford WALLACE, Ch. (2014): “Ager publicus in the Greek East: I. Priene 111 and other examples of resistance to the publicani”, Historia 63.1, pp. 38-73 |