The ethnic structure of Ukrainian society as a factor in the formation of national identity and sustainable development of the state

Abstract

 The purpose of the study is to analyze the ethnic structure of Ukrainian society as a factor influencing national identity and sustainable state development under modern transformations. The research applies an interdisciplinary approach combining theories of social cohesion, intergroup relations, and civic identity formation. The methodology includes structural-functional, comparative analysis, as well as the synthesis of sociological data. The findings show that the war accelerated the transformation of Ukrainian national identity from an ethnocultural to a predominantly civic model, strengthening cohesion among ethnic groups. High-quality intergroup relations, inclusive state policy, trust building identified as key mechanisms for reducing ethnic differences and enhancing state resilience. The study proves that ethnic diversity, supported by effective institutions and dialogue, contributes to human capital development and stability. The scientific novelty lies in conceptualizing ethnic diversity as a strategic resource of resilience rather than fragmentation and substantiating the role of institutional inclusiveness in identity transformation. The practical significance of the study reflected in its applicability to inclusive public policies aimed at strengthening national unity and supporting post-war reconstruction. It concluded that civic nation based on shared values, equal rights, and inclusiveness is essential for transforming ethnic diversity into a strategic asset for sustainable development.