Los : Investment Decision-Making in the Information-Return Space
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46661/rev.metodoscuant.econ.empresa.10615Keywords:
Analyst forecast, searching rule, fundamental value, informed investorAbstract
In this paper, I examine the value that investors place on analysts who exhibit lower forecast error volatility. Building on prior empirical research, I develop a theoretical model that formalizes the role of error volatility in investment decision-making. I propose an investment strategy that leverages analysts’ forecasts, acknowledging the challenges associated with distinguishing report quality, which can be costly in terms of time, money, and cognitive effort. The study focuses on a stock market with heterogeneous investors, where rational informed investors must screen reports of varying quality. I find that, when applying a screening rule à la Anderson and Renault (1999), informed investors incorporate both the news and the volatility of forecast errors, preferring more consistent reports for similar signals. These findings enhance understanding of how investors navigate information uncertainty and highlight the practical significance of the methodology for investment management.
Downloads
References
Anderson, S. P. and Renault, R. (1999). Pricing, product diversity, and search costs: A bertrand-chamberlin-diamond model. The RAND Journal of Economics, 34(4): 719-735.https://doi.org/10.2307/2556072
Astaíza-Gómez, J. G. (2025). Forecast Quality with Information Uncertainty. Balancing and Estimation from Propensity Scores. Revista Colombiana de Estadística, 48(1): 157-175.https://doi.org/10.15446/rce.v48n1.112678
Astaíza-Gómez, J. G., and Pérez Pacheco, C. A. (2022). Equity Analyst Reports and Stock Prices. Apuntes del CENES, 41(73): 41-60.
https://doi.org/10.19053/01203053.v41.n73.2022.12638
Cai, H., Yao, T., and Zhang, X. (2022). Confirmation bias in analysts' response to consensus forecasts. Journal of Behavioral Finance, 25(3): 1-22.https://doi.org/10.1080/15427560.2022.2138395
Charitou, A. and Karamanou, I. (2020). Sleeping with the enemy: should investment banks be allowed to engage in prop trading? Review of Accounting Studies, 25: 513-557.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-019-09524-w
Coleman, B., Merkley, K., and Pacelli, J. (2022). Human versus machine: A comparison of robo-analyst and traditional research analyst investment recommendations. The Accounting Review, 97(5): 221-244.https://doi.org/10.2308/TAR-2020-0096
DeBondt, W. F. and Thaler, R. H. (1990). Do security analysts overreact? The American economic review, 80(2): 52-57.
DeLong, J. B., Shleifer, A., Summers, L. H., and Waldmann, R. J. (1990). Positive feedback investment strategies and destabilizing rational speculation. The Journal of Finance, 45(2): 379-395.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1990.tb03695.x
DeMiguel, V., and Nogales, F. J. (2009). Portfolio selection with robust estimation. Operations Research, 57(3): 560-577.https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.1080.0566
Easterwood, J. C. and Nutt, S. R. (1999). Ine ciency in analysts' earnings forecasts: Systematic misreaction or systematic optimism? The Journal of Finance, 54(5): 1777-1797.https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-1082.00166
Fischer, P., Kim, C., and Zhou, F. (2022). Disagreement about fundamentals: Measurement and consequences. Review of Accounting Studies, 27(4): 1423-1456.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-021-09627-3
Gabaix, X. and Laibson, D. (2005). Bounded rationality and directed cognition. Harvard University, 20.
González, M., Astaíza-Gómez, J. G., and Pantoja, J. (2024). Actively managed equity mutual funds in emerging markets. Research in International Business and Finance, 72, 102540.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2024.102540
Grossman, S. J. and Stiglitz, J. E. (1980). On the impossibility of informationally efficient markets. The American Economic Review, 70(3): 393-408.
Hilary, G. and Hsu, C. (2013). Analyst forecast consistency. The Journal of Finance, 68(1): 271-297.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2012.01800.x
Hortaçsu, A. and Syverson, C. (2004). Product dierentiation, search costs, and competition in the mutual fund industry: A case study of S&P 500 index funds. The Quarterly journal of economics, 119(2): 403-456.https://doi.org/10.1162/0033553041382184
Hugon, A. and Muslu, V. (2010). Market demand for conservative analysts. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50(1): 42-57.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2010.01.001
Jegadeesh, N. and Kim, W. (2010). Do analysts herd? an analysis of recommendations and market reactions. The Review of Financial Studies, 23(2): 901-937.https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhp093
Karmaziene, E. (2023). The greater the volume, the greater the analyst. Finance Research Letters, 51: 103377.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2022.103377
Kartik, N., Ottaviani, M., and Squintani, F. (2007). Credulity, lies, and costly talk. Journal of Economic Theory, 134(1): 93-116.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2006.04.003
Kim, K., Ryu, D., and Yang, H. (2021). Information uncertainty, investor sentiment, and analyst reports. International Review of Financial Analysis, 77: 101835.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101835
Kohn, M. G. and Shavell, S. (1974). The theory of search. Journal of Economic Theory, 9(2): 93-123.https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0531(74)90061-1
Liang, D., Pan, Y., Du, Q., and Zhu, L. (2022). The information content of analysts' textual reports and stock returns: Evidence from China. Finance Research Letters, 46: 102817.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2022.102817
Markowitz, H. M., and Todd, G. P. (2000). Mean-variance analysis in portfolio choice and capital markets (Vol. 66). John Wiley & Sons.
Mikhail, M. B., Walther, B. R., and Willis, R. H. (2007). When security analysts talk, who listens? The Accounting Review, 82(5): 1227-1253.
https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2007.82.5.1227
Múnera, D. J. and Agudelo, D. A. (2022). Who moved my liquidity? liquidity evaporation in emerging markets in periods of financial uncertainty. Journal of International Money and Finance, 129: 102723.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jimonfin.2022.102723
Pouget, S., Sauvagnat, J., and Villeneuve, S. (2017). A mind is a terrible thing to change: confirmatory bias in financial markets. The Review of Financial Studies, 30(6): 2066-2109.https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhw100
Powdthavee, N. and Riyanto, Y. E. (2015). Would you pay for transparently useless advice? a test of boundaries of beliefs in the folly of predictions. Review of Economics and Statistics, 97(2): 257-272.https://doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00453
Sirri, E. R. and Tufano, P. (1998). Costly search and mutual fund flows. The Journal of Finance, 53(5): 1589-1622.https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-1082.00066
Stickel, S. E. (1992). Reputation and performance among security analysts. The Journal of Finance, 47(5): 1811-1836.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1992.tb04684.x
Trueman, B. (1994). Analyst forecasts and herding behavior. The review of financial studies, 7(1): 97-124.https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/7.1.97
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 José Gabriel Astaíza Gómez

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Submission of manuscripts implies that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere and that, in case of acceptance, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the Journal for its publication and dissemination. Authors retain the authors' right to use and share the article according to a personal or instutional use or scholarly sharing purposes; in addition, they retain patent, trademark and other intellectual property rights (including research data).
All the articles are published in the Journal under the Creative Commons license CC-BY-SA (Attribution-ShareAlike). It is allowed a commercial use of the work (always including the author attribution) and other derivative works, which must be released under the same license as the original work.
Up to Volume 21, this Journal has been licensing the articles under the Creative Commons license CC-BY-SA 3.0 ES. Starting from Volume 22, the Creative Commons license CC-BY-SA 4.0 is used.